These
highlights are based on the eighth quinquennial survey on employment and
unemployment conducted in the 66th round of NSS during July 2009 to June 2010.
The survey was spread over 7,402 villages and 5,252 urban blocks covering 1,
00,957 households (59,129 in rural areas and 41,828 in urban areas) and
enumerating 4, 59,784 persons (2, 81,327 in rural areas and 1, 78,457 in urban
areas). Employment and unemployment were measured with three different
approaches, viz. usual status with a reference period of one year, current
weekly status with one week reference period and current daily status based on
the daily activity pursued during each day of the reference week. Unless
otherwise stated, usual status workers will mean all workers taking into
consideration the usual principal and subsidiary status together. In this
report, estimates of the employment and unemployment indicators are presented
for each of the class 1 cities in India. The corresponding estimates are also
presented for each State/UT for three size classes of towns, as per Population
Census 2001, viz. class 1 cities (with population one million and above), class
2 towns (with population 50,000 to one million) and class 3 towns (with
population less than 50,000).
Some of
the key findings of the 66th round of NSS survey on employment and unemployment
conducted during July 2009 to June 2010 are stated below:
· The
proportion of usually employed males of age 15 years and above was 73 per cent
for class 1 cities and 74 per cent for size class 2 towns and about 76 per cent
for size class 3 towns. For females of the same age group the corresponding
proportions were - 17 per cent for class 1 cities, 18 per cent for size class 2
towns and nearly 21 per cent for size class 3 towns.
· Between
2004-05 and 2009-10 the proportion of usually employed males of age 15 years
and above decreased by 3 percentage points for class 1 cities, 2 percentage
points for size class 2 and 3 towns each. During this period, corresponding
decrease for females was 3 percentage points in class 1 cities, 4 percentage
points for size class 2 towns and 7 percentage points for size class 3 towns.
· Among the
class 1 cities, the worker population ratio (WPR) for males of age 15 years and
above in the usual status (ps+ss), was the highest in Surat (87 per cent) and
the lowest in Meerut (49 per cent), while for females, WPR was the highest in
Varanasi (35 per cent) and the lowest in Agra (2 per cent).
· During
the period 2009-10, the proportion of regular wage/salaried employees, in the
usual status (ps+ss), both among males and among females was higher than that
of self-employed persons or casual labourers in class 1 cities and size class 2
towns. For size class 3 towns, proportion of self-employed was higher than
regular wage/salaried employees and casual labourers for both males and
females.
· Among
male workers of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), about 52
per cent in class 1 cities, about 43 per cent in size class 2 towns and about 31
per cent in size class 3towns were regular wage/salaried employees.
Corresponding proportions for females were 58 per cent, 42 per cent and 23 per
cent for class 1 cities, size class 2 towns and size class 3towns,
respectively.
· Among
male workers of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), about 39
per cent in class 1 cities, about 40 per cent in size class 2 towns and about
45 per cent in size class 3towns were self-employed. Corresponding proportions
for females were 33 per cent, 41 per cent and 47 per cent for class 1 cities,
size class 2 towns and size class 3 towns, respectively.
· For males
of age 15 years and above, the unemployment rate in the usual status (ps+ss)
remained at the same level between 2004-05 and 2009-10 in class 1 cities and it
decreased by 1 percentage point for size class 2 towns and by 2 percentage
points for size class 3 towns. For females, between 2004-05 and 2009-10, the
unemployment rate in the usual status increased by 1 percentage point in class 1
cities and decreased for both size class 2 and size class 3 towns by nearly 2
percentage points each.
· Among the
workers in the usual status (ps+ss), the tertiary sector had the highest share
of workers in 2009-10 compared to other two sectors in all size class of towns.
Among male workers of age 15 years and above in urban India, about 59 per cent
were engaged in tertiary sector, about 35 per cent in secondary sector and
about 6 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were
about 53 per cent, 33 per cent and 14 per cent, respectively.
· Among
male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in
all class I cities, about 64 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 35
per cent in secondary sector and about 1 per cent in primary sector.
Corresponding proportions for females were about 67 per cent, 31 per cent and 2
per cent, respectively.
· Among
male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in
size class 2 towns, about 60 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 36
per cent in secondary sector and about 4 per cent in primary sector.
Corresponding proportions for females were about 57 per cent, 34 per cent and 9
per cent, respectively.
· Among
male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in
size class 3 towns, about 54 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 33
per cent in secondary sector and about 13 per cent in primary sector.
Corresponding proportions for females were about 36 per cent, 34 per cent and
30 per cent, respectively.
· Among
male workers of age 15 years and above, according to usual status (ps+ss), the
secondary sector registered nearly 3 percentage points decrease in the share of
total workers during 2009-10 compared to 2004-05 for class 1 cities but
increased for size class 2, size class 3 towns by 2 and 1 percentage points
respectively.
